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http://www.phytozome.net/

A comparative platform for green plant genomics. Families of orthologous and paralogous genes that represent the modern descendents of ancestral gene sets are constructed at key phylogenetic nodes. These families allow easy access to clade specific orthology / paralogy relationships as well as clade specific genes and gene expansions. As of release v9.1, Phytozome provides access to forty-one sequenced and annotated green plant genomes which have been clustered into gene families at 20 evolutionarily significant nodes. Where possible, each gene has been annotated with PFAM, KOG, KEGG, and PANTHER assignments, and publicly available annotations from RefSeq, UniProt, TAIR, JGI are hyper-linked and searchable., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: Phytozome (RRID:SCR_006507) Copy   

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http://rice.plantbiology.msu.edu/

Database and resource that provides sequence and annotation data for the rice genome. This website provides genome sequence from the Nipponbare subspecies of rice and annotation of the 12 rice chromosomes. All structural and functional annotation is viewable through our Rice Genome Browser which currently supports 75 tracks of annotation. Enhanced data access is available through web interfaces, FTP downloads and a Data Extractor tool developed in order to support discrete dataset downloads. Rice is a model species for the monocotyledonous plants and the cereals which are the greatest source of food for the world''s population. While rice genome sequence is available through multiple sequencing projects, high quality, uniform annotation is required in order for genome sequence data to be fully utilized by researchers. The existence of a common gene set and uniform annotation allows researchers within the rice community to work from a common resource so that their results can be more easily interpreted by other scientists. The objective of this project has always been to provide high quality annotation for the rice genome. They generated, refined and updated gene models for the estimated 40,000-60,000 total rice genes, provided standardized annotation for each model, linked each model to functional annotation including expression data, gene ontologies, and tagged lines. They have provided a resource to extend the annotation of the rice genome to other plant species by providing comparative alignments to other plant species. Analysis/Tools are available including: BLAST, Locus Name Search, Functional Term Search, Protein Domain Search, Anatomy Expression Viewer, Highly Expressed Genes

Proper citation: Rice Genome Annotation (RRID:SCR_006663) Copy   

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http://www.dpvweb.net/

DPVweb provides a central source of information about viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa. Comprehensive taxonomic information, including brief descriptions of each family and genus, and classified lists of virus sequences are provided. The database also holds detailed, curated, information for all sequences of viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa that are complete or that contain at least one complete gene. For comparative purposes, it also contains a single representative sequence of all other fully sequenced virus species with an RNA or single-stranded DNA genome. The start and end positions of each feature (gene, non-translated region and the like) have been recorded and checked for accuracy. As far as possible, nomenclature for genes and proteins are standardized within genera and families. Sequences of features (either as DNA or amino acid sequences) can be directly downloaded from the website in FASTA format. The sequence information can also be accessed via client software for PC computers (freely downloadable from the website) that enable users to make an easy selection of sequences and features of a chosen virus for further analyses. The public sequence databases contain vast amounts of data on virus genomes but accessing and comparing the data, except for relatively small sets of related viruses can be very time consuming. The procedure is made difficult because some of the sequences on these databases are incorrectly named, poorly annotated or redundant. The NCBI Reference Sequence project (1) provides a comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant set of sequences, including genomic DNA, transcript (RNA) and protein products, for major research organisms. This now includes curated information for a single sequence of each fully sequenced virus species. While this is a welcome development, it can only deal with complete sequences. An important feature of DPV is the opportunity to access genes (and other features) of multiple sequences quickly and accurately. Thus, for example, it is easy to obtain the nucleotide or amino acid sequences of all the available accessions of the coat protein gene of a given virus species or for a group of viruses. To increase its usefulness further, DPVweb also contains a single representative sequence of all other fully sequenced virus species with an RNA or single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome. Sponsors: This site is supported by the Association of Applied Biologists and the Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People''s Republic of China.

Proper citation: Descriptions of Plant Viruses (RRID:SCR_006656) Copy   

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http://www.animalgenome.org/

We at NRSP-8 bioinformatics coordination program strive to serve the animal genomics research community to better use computer tools and methods, to best utilize available resources, and in working with researchers in the community, to effectively share, combine, manage, manipulate, and analyze information from genomics/genetics studies. This site is designed as an information center to serve the national animal genome research projects of cattle, chicken, pigs, sheep, horse, and aquaculture species. This is home to databases and web sites (being) built for structural, functional and application oriented studies of the animal genomics, to serve the purpose of research, education and related activities in the scientific, industrial and educational communities in the states and world wide. The challenges in bioinformatics support/research for animal genomics may involve * Effective data collection, organization and management * Rapid development of most needed bioinformatics tools and resources * Efficient use of these tools for innovative data analysis Projects: * Animal Trait Ontology (ATO) Project * Virtual Comparative Genomics * The Past, the Current, and the Potentials * Collaborative and Hosted Works

Proper citation: NAGRP Bioinformatics Coordination Program (RRID:SCR_006564) Copy   

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/assembly/grc/

Consortium that puts sequences into a chromosome context and provides the best possible reference assembly for human, mouse, and zebrafish via FTP. Tools to facilitate the curation of genome assemblies based on the sequence overlaps of long, high quality sequences.

Proper citation: Genome Reference Consortium (RRID:SCR_006553) Copy   

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http://inparanoid.sbc.su.se/cgi-bin/index.cgi

Collection of pairwise comparisons between 100 whole genomes generated by a fully automatic method for finding orthologs and in-paralogs between TWO species. Ortholog clusters in the InParanoid are seeded with a two-way best pairwise match, after which an algorithm for adding in-paralogs is applied. The method bypasses multiple alignments and phylogenetic trees, which can be slow and error-prone steps in classical ortholog detection. Still, it robustly detects complex orthologous relationships and assigns confidence values for in-paralogs. The original data sets can be downloaded.

Proper citation: InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups (RRID:SCR_006801) Copy   

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http://www.peptideatlas.org

Multi-organism, publicly accessible compendium of peptides identified in a large set of tandem mass spectrometry proteomics experiments. Mass spectrometer output files are collected for human, mouse, yeast, and several other organisms, and searched using the latest search engines and protein sequences. All results of sequence and spectral library searching are subsequently processed through the Trans Proteomic Pipeline to derive a probability of correct identification for all results in a uniform manner to insure a high quality database, along with false discovery rates at the whole atlas level. The raw data, search results, and full builds can be downloaded for other uses. All results of sequence searching are processed through PeptideProphet to derive a probability of correct identification for all results in a uniform manner ensuring a high quality database. All peptides are mapped to Ensembl and can be viewed as custom tracks on the Ensembl genome browser. The long term goal of the project is full annotation of eukaryotic genomes through a thorough validation of expressed proteins. The PeptideAtlas provides a method and a framework to accommodate proteome information coming from high-throughput proteomics technologies. The online database administers experimental data in the public domain. You are encouraged to contribute to the database.

Proper citation: PeptideAtlas (RRID:SCR_006783) Copy   

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http://www.ensemblgenomes.org/

Database portal offering integrated access to genome-scale data from non-vertebrate species of scientific interest, developed using the Ensembl genome annotation and visualization platform. Ensembl Genomes consists of five sub-portals (for bacteria, protists, fungi, plants and invertebrate metazoa) designed to complement the availability of vertebrate genomes in Ensembl. Many of the databases supporting the portal have been built in close collaboration with the scientific community - essential for maintaining the accuracy and usefulness of the resource. A common set of user interfaces (which include a graphical genome browser, FTP, BLAST search, a query optimized data warehouse, programmatic access, and a Perl API) is provided for all domains. Data types incorporated include annotation of (protein and non-protein coding) genes, cross references to external resources, and high throughput experimental data (e.g. data from large scale studies of gene expression and polymorphism visualized in their genomic context). Additionally, extensive comparative analysis has been performed, both within defined clades and across the wider taxonomy, and sequence alignments and gene trees resulting from this can be accessed through the site.

Proper citation: Ensembl Genomes (RRID:SCR_006773) Copy   

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http://redfly.ccr.buffalo.edu

Curated collection of known Drosophila transcriptional cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) and transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs). Includes experimentally verified fly regulatory elements along with their DNA sequence, associated genes, and expression patterns they direct. Submission of experimentally verified cis-regulatory elements that are not included in REDfly database are welcome.

Proper citation: REDfly Regulatory Element Database for Drosophilia (RRID:SCR_006790) Copy   

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http://www.nervenet.org/main/dictionary.html

A mouse-related portal of genomic databases and tables of mouse brain data. Most files are intended for you to download and use on your own personal computer. Most files are available in generic text format or as FileMaker Pro databases. The server provides data extracted and compiled from: The 2000-2001 Mouse Chromosome Committee Reports, Release 15 of the MIT microsatellite map (Oct 1997), The recombinant inbred strain database of R.W. Elliott (1997) and R. W. Williams (2001), and the Map Manager and text format chromosome maps (Apr 2001). * LXS genotype (Excel file): Updated, revised positions for 330 markers genotyped using a panel of 77 LXS strain. * MIT SNP DATABASE ONLINE: Search and sort the MIT Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) database ONLINE. These data from the MIT-Whitehead SNP release of December 1999. * INTEGRATED MIT-ROCHE SNP DATABASE in EXCEL and TEXT FORMATS (1-3 MB): Original MIT SNPs merged with the new Roche SNPs. The Excel file has been formatted to illustrate SNP haplotypes and genetic contrasts. Both files are intended for statistical analyses of SNPs and can be used to test a method outlined in a paper by Andrew Grupe, Gary Peltz, and colleagues (Science 291: 1915-1918, 2001). The Excel file includes many useful equations and formatting that will help in navigating through this large database and in testing the in silico mapping method. * Use of inbred strains for the study of individual differences in pain related phenotypes in the mouse: Elissa J. Chesler''s 2002 dissertation, discussing issues relevant to the integration of genomic and phenomic data from standard inbred strains including genetic interactions with laboratory environmental conditions and the use of various in silico inbred strain haplotype based mapping algorithms for QTL analysis. * SNP QTL MAPPER in EXCEL format (572 KB, updated January 2002 by Elissa Chesler): This Excel workbook implements the Grupe et al. mapping method and outputs correlation plots. The main spreadsheet allows you to enter your own strain data and compares them to haplotypes. Be very cautious and skeptical when using this spreadsheet and the technique. Read all of the caveates. This excel version of the method was developed by Elissa Chesler. This updated version (Jan 2002) handles missing data. * MIT SNP Database (tab-delimited text format): This file is suitable for manipulation in statistics and spreadsheet programs (752 KB, Updated June 27, 2001). Data have been formatted in a way that allows rapid acquisition of the new data from the Roche Bioscience SNP database. * MIT SNP Database (FileMaker 5 Version): This is a reformatted version of the MIT Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) database in FileMaker 5 format. You will need a copy of this application to open the file (Mac and Windows; 992 KB. Updated July 13, 2001 by RW). * Gene Mapping and Map Manager Data Sets: Genetic maps of mouse chromosomes. Now includes a 10th generation advanced intercross consisting of 500 animals genetoyped at 340 markers. Lots of older files on recombinant inbred strains. * The Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome, 21,039 loci, 17,912,832 bytes. Includes all 1997-98 Chromosome Committee Reports and MIT Release 15. * FullDict.FMP.sit: The Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome. This large FileMaker Pro 3.0/4.0 database has been compressed with StuffIt. The Dictionary of the Mouse Genome contains data from the 1997-98 chromosome committee reports and MIT Whitehead SSLP databases (Release 15). The Dictionary contains information for 21,039 loci. File size = 4846 KB. Updated March 19, 1998. * MIT Microsatellite Database ONLINE: A database of MIT microsatellite loci in the mouse. Use this FileMaker Pro database with OurPrimersDB. MITDB is a subset of the Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome. ONLINE. Updated July 12, 2001. * MIT Microsatellite Database: A database of MIT microsatellite loci in the mouse. Use this FileMaker Pro database with OurPrimersDB. MITDB is a subset of the Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome. File size = 3.0 MB. Updated March 19, 1998. * OurPrimersDB: A small database of primers. Download this database if you are using numerous MIT primers to map genes in mice. This database should be used in combination with the MITDB as one part of a relational database. File size = 149 KB. Updated March 19, 1998. * Empty copy (clone) of the Portable Dictionary in FileMaker Pro 3.0 format. Download this file and import individual chromosome text files from the table into the database. File size = 231 KB. Updated March 19, 1998. * Chromosome Text Files from the Dictionary: The table lists data on gene loci for individual chromosomes.

Proper citation: Mouse Genome Databases (RRID:SCR_007147) Copy   

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http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/externe/tetraodon/

The initial objective of Genoscope was to compare the genomic sequences of this fish to that of humans to help in the annotation of human genes and to estimate their number. This strategy is based on the common genetic heritage of the vertebrates: from one species of vertebrate to another, even for those as far apart as a fish and a mammal, the same genes are present for the most part. In the case of the compact genome of Tetraodon, this common complement of genes is contained in a genome eight times smaller than that of humans. Although the length of the exons is similar in these two species, the size of the introns and the intergenic sequences is greatly reduced in this fish. Furthermore, these regions, in contrast to the exons, have diverged completely since the separation of the lineages leading to humans and Tetraodon. The Exofish method, developed at Genoscope, exploits this contrast such that the conserved regions which can be identified by comparing genomic sequences of the two species, correspond only to coding regions. Using preliminary sequencing results of the genome of Tetraodon in the year 2000, Genoscope evaluated the number of human genes at about 30,000, whereas much higher estimations were current. The progress of the annotation of the human genome has since supported the Genoscope hypothesis, with values as low as 22,000 genes and a consensus of around 25,000 genes. The sequencing of the Tetraodon genome at a depth of about 8X, carried out as a collaboration between Genoscope and the Whitehead Institute Center for Genome Research (now the Broad Institute), was finished in 2002, with the production of an assembly covering 90 of the euchromatic region of the genome of the fish. This has permitted the application of Exofish at a larger scale in comparisons with the genome of humans, but also with those of the two other vertebrates sequenced at the time (Takifugu, a fish closely related to Tetraodon, and the mouse). The conserved regions detected in this way have been integrated into the annotation procedure, along with other resources (cDNA sequences from Tetraodon and ab initio predictions). Of the 28,000 genes annotated, some families were examined in detail: selenoproteins, and Type 1 cytokines and their receptors. The comparison of the proteome of Tetraodon with those of mammals has revealed some interesting differences, such as a major diversification of some hormone systems and of the collagen molecules in the fish. A search for transposable elements in the genomic sequences of Tetraodon has also revealed a high diversity (75 types), which contrasts with their scarcity; the small size of the Tetraodon genome is due to the low abundance of these elements, of which some appear to still be active. Another factor in the compactness of the Tetraodon genome, which has been confirmed by annotation, is the reduction in intron size, which approaches a lower limit of 50-60 bp, and which preferentially affects certain genes. The availability of the sequences from the genomes of humans and mice on one hand, and Takifugu and Tetraodon on the other, provide new opportunities for the study of vertebrate evolution. We have shown that the level of neutral evolution is higher in fish than in mammals. The protein sequences of fish also diverge more quickly than those of mammals. A key mechanism in evolution is gene duplication, which we have studied by taking advantage of the anchoring of the majority of the sequences from the assembly on the chromosomes. The result of this study speaks strongly in favor of a whole genome duplication event, very early in the line of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygians). An even stronger evidence came from synteny studies between the genomes of humans and Tetraodon. Using a high-resolution synteny map, we have reconstituted the genome of the vertebrate which predates this duplication - that is, the last common ancestor to all bony vertebrates (most of the vertebrates apart from cartilaginous fish and agnaths like lamprey). This ancestral karyotype contains 12 chromosomes, and the 21 Tetraodon chromosomes derive from it by the whole genome duplication and a surprisingly small number of interchromosomal rearrangements. On the contrary, exchanges between chromosomes have been much more frequent in the lineage that leads to humans. Sponsors: The project was supported by the Consortium National de Recherche en Genomique and the National Human Genome Research Institute.

Proper citation: Tetraodon Genome Browser (RRID:SCR_007079) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://gtrnadb.ucsc.edu

This genomic tRNA database contains tRNA gene predictions made by the program tRNAscan-SE (Lowe & Eddy, Nucl Acids Res 25: 955-964, 1997) on complete or nearly complete genomes. Unless otherwise noted, all annotation is automated, and has not been inspected for agreement with published literature. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) represent the single largest, best-understood class of non-protein coding RNA genes found in all living organisms. By far, the major source of new tRNAs is computational identification of genes within newly sequenced genomes. To organize the rapidly growing collection and enable systematic analyses, we created the Genomic tRNA Database (GtRNAdb). The web resource provides overview statistics of tRNA genes within each analyzed genome, including information by isotype and genetic locus, easily downloadable primary sequences, graphical secondary structures and multiple sequence alignments. Direct links for each gene to UCSC eukaryotic and microbial genome browsers provide graphical display of tRNA genes in the context of all other local genetic information. The database can be searched by primary sequence similarity, tRNA characteristics or phylogenetic group. Inevitably with automated sequence analysis, we find exceptions to general identification rules, isoacceptor type predictions (esp. due to variable post-transcriptional anticodon modification), and questionable tRNA identifications (due to pseudogenes, SINES, or other tRNA-derived elements). We attempt to document all cases we come across, and welcome feedback on new or unrecognized discrepancies.

Proper citation: GtRNAdb - Genomic tRNA Database (RRID:SCR_006939) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.chr7.org

Database containing the DNA sequence and annotation of the entire human chromosome 7, encompassing nearly 158 million nucleotides of DNA and 1917 gene structures, are presented; the most up to date collation of sequence, gene, and other annotations from all databases (eg. Celera published, NCBI, Ensembl, RIKEN, UCSC) as well as unpublished data. To generate a higher order description, additional structural features such as imprinted genes, fragile sites, and segmental duplications were integrated at the level of the DNA sequence with medical genetic data, including 440 chromosome rearrangement breakpoints associated with disease. The objective of this project is to generate a comprehensive description of human chromosome 7 to facilitate biological discovery, disease gene research and medical genetic applications. There are over 360 disease-associated genes or loci on chromosome 7. A major challenge ahead will be to represent chromosome alterations, variants, and polymorphisms and their related phenotypes (or lack thereof), in an accessible way. In addition to being a primary data source, this site serves as a weighing station for testing community ideas and information to produce highly curated data to be submitted to other databases such as NCBI, Ensembl, and UCSC. Therefore, any useful data submitted will be curated and shown in this database. All Chromosome 7 genomic clones (cosmids, BACs, YACs) listed in GBrowser and in other data tables are freely distributed.

Proper citation: Chromosome 7 Annotation Project (RRID:SCR_007134) Copy   

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http://mugsy.sourceforge.net/

Software resource for multiple whole genome alignment. It uses Nucmer, a custom graph-based segmentation procedure, for pairwise alignment, and the Seqan:TCoffee's multiple alignment strategy.

Proper citation: Mugsy (RRID:SCR_001414) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://github.com/Ensembl

Public database that stores areas of genome that differ between individual genomes (variants) and, where available, associated disease and phenotype information. Different types of variants for several species: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), short nucleotide insertions and/or deletions, and longer variants classified as structural variants (including CNVs). Effects of variants on the Ensembl transcripts and regulatory features for each species are predicted. You can run same analysis on your own data using Variant Effect Predictor. These data are integrated with other data sources in Ensembl, and can be accessed using the API or website. For several different species in Ensembl, they import variation data (SNPs, CNVs, allele frequencies, genotypes, etc) from a variety of sources (e.g. dbSNP). Imported variants and alleles are subjected to quality control process to flag suspect data. In human, they calculate linkage disequilibrium for each variant, by population.

Proper citation: Ensembl Variation (RRID:SCR_001630) Copy   

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http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastn&BLAST_PROGRAMS=megaBlast&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch

Web application to search nucleotide databases using a nucleotide query. Algorithms: blastn, megablast, discontiguous megablast.

Proper citation: BLASTN (RRID:SCR_001598) Copy   

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http://ancora.genereg.net/

Web resource that provides data and tools for exploring genomic organization of highly conserved noncoding elements (HCNEs) for multiple genomes. It includes a genome browser that shows HCNE locations and features novel HCNE density plots as a powerful tool to discover developmental regulatory genes and distinguish their regulatory elements and domains. They identify HCNEs as non-exonic regions of high similarity between genome sequences from distantly related organisms, such as human and fish, and provide tools for studying the distribution of HCNEs along chromosomes. Major peaks of HCNE density along chromosomes most often coincide with developmental regulatory genes. Their aim with this site is to aid discovery of developmental regulatory genes, their regulatory domains and their fundamental regulatory elements.

Proper citation: Ancora (RRID:SCR_001623) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://phenogen.org

Website for analyzing microarray data. Software toolbox for storing, analyzing and integrating microarray data and related genotype and phenotype data. The site is particularly suited for combining QTL and microarray data to search for candidate genes contributing to complex traits. In addition, the site allows, if desired by the investigators, sharing of the data. Investigators can conduct in-silico microarray experiments using their own and/or shared data. There are five major sections of the site: Genome/Transcriptome Data Browser, Microarray Analysis Tools, Gene List Analysis Tools, QTL Tools, and Downloads. The genome/transcriptome data browser combines a genome browser with all the microarray, RNA-Seq, and Genomic Sequencing data. This provides an effective platform to view all of this data side by side. Source code is available on GitHub.

Proper citation: PhenoGen Informatics (RRID:SCR_001613) Copy   

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http://www.norcomm.org/index.htm

Large-scale research initiative focused on developing and distributing a library of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell lines carrying single gene trapped or targeted mutations across the mouse genome. NorCOMM's large and growing archive of ES cells is publicly available on a cost-recovery basis from the Canadian Mouse Mutant Repository. As an international public resource, access to clones is unrestricted and nonexclusive. Through NorCOMM's affiliation with the Canadian Mouse Consortium (CMC), NorCOMM also provides clients with a single point of access to regional mouse derivation, phenotyping, genetic and archiving services across Canada. These value-added services can help your company harness NorCOMM's resources for drug discovery, target discovery and preclinical validation.

Proper citation: North American Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Project (RRID:SCR_001614) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://globin.cse.psu.edu/

Data and tools for studying the function of DNA sequences, with an emphasis on those involved in the production of hemoglobin. It includes information about naturally-occurring human hemoglobin mutations and their effects, experimental data related to the regulation of the beta-like globin gene cluster, and software tools for comparing sequences with one another to discover regions that are likely to play significant roles.

Proper citation: Globin Gene Server (RRID:SCR_001480) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry